Multiple levers for overcoming the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass.
Identifieur interne : 000828 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000827; suivant : 000829Multiple levers for overcoming the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass.
Auteurs : Evert K. Holwerda [États-Unis] ; Robert S. Worthen [États-Unis] ; Ninad Kothari [États-Unis] ; Ronald C. Lasky [États-Unis] ; Brian H. Davison [États-Unis] ; Chunxiang Fu [États-Unis] ; Zeng-Yu Wang [États-Unis] ; Richard A. Dixon [États-Unis] ; Ajaya K. Biswal [États-Unis] ; Debra Mohnen [États-Unis] ; Richard S. Nelson [États-Unis] ; Holly L. Baxter [États-Unis] ; Mitra Mazarei [États-Unis] ; C Neal Stewart ; Wellington Muchero [États-Unis] ; Gerald A. Tuskan [États-Unis] ; Charles M. Cai [États-Unis] ; Erica E. Gjersing [États-Unis] ; Mark F. Davis [États-Unis] ; Michael E. Himmel [États-Unis] ; Charles E. Wyman [États-Unis] ; Paul Gilna [États-Unis] ; Lee R. Lynd [États-Unis]Source :
- Biotechnology for biofuels [ 1754-6834 ] ; 2019.
Abstract
Background
The recalcitrance of cellulosic biomass is widely recognized as a key barrier to cost-effective biological processing to fuels and chemicals, but the relative impacts of physical, chemical and genetic interventions to improve biomass processing singly and in combination have yet to be evaluated systematically. Solubilization of plant cell walls can be enhanced by non-biological augmentation including physical cotreatment and thermochemical pretreatment, the choice of biocatalyst, the choice of plant feedstock, genetic engineering of plants, and choosing feedstocks that are less recalcitrant natural variants. A two-tiered combinatoric investigation of lignocellulosic biomass deconstruction was undertaken with three biocatalysts (
Results
In the absence of augmentation and under the conditions tested, increased total carbohydrate solubilization (TCS) was observed for 8 of the 9 combinations of switchgrass modifications and biocatalysts tested, and statistically significant for five of the combinations. Our results indicate that recalcitrance is not a trait determined by the feedstock only, but instead is coequally determined by the choice of biocatalyst. TCS with
Conclusion
Based on our results as well as literature studies, it appears that some form of non-biological augmentation will likely be necessary for the foreseeable future to achieve high TCS for most cellulosic feedstocks. However, our results show that this need not necessarily involve thermochemical processing, and need not necessarily occur prior to biological conversion. Under the conditions tested, the relative magnitude of TCS increase was augmentation > biocatalyst choice > plant choice > plant modification > plant natural variants. In the presence of augmentation, plant modification, plant natural variation, and plant choice exhibited a small, statistically non-significant impact on TCS.
DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1353-7
PubMed: 30675183
PubMed Central: PMC6335785
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Multiple levers for overcoming the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass.</title><author><name sortKey="Holwerda, Evert K" sort="Holwerda, Evert K" uniqKey="Holwerda E" first="Evert K" last="Holwerda">Evert K. Holwerda</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">New Hampshire</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Worthen, Robert S" sort="Worthen, Robert S" uniqKey="Worthen R" first="Robert S" last="Worthen">Robert S. Worthen</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">New Hampshire</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kothari, Ninad" sort="Kothari, Ninad" uniqKey="Kothari N" first="Ninad" last="Kothari">Ninad Kothari</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lasky, Ronald C" sort="Lasky, Ronald C" uniqKey="Lasky R" first="Ronald C" last="Lasky">Ronald C. Lasky</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">New Hampshire</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Davison, Brian H" sort="Davison, Brian H" uniqKey="Davison B" first="Brian H" last="Davison">Brian H. Davison</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fu, Chunxiang" sort="Fu, Chunxiang" uniqKey="Fu C" first="Chunxiang" last="Fu">Chunxiang Fu</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>5Genomics Division, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Oklahoma</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>5Genomics Division, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Zeng Yu" sort="Wang, Zeng Yu" uniqKey="Wang Z" first="Zeng-Yu" last="Wang">Zeng-Yu Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>5Genomics Division, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Oklahoma</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>5Genomics Division, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dixon, Richard A" sort="Dixon, Richard A" uniqKey="Dixon R" first="Richard A" last="Dixon">Richard A. Dixon</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>6Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Texas</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>6Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Biswal, Ajaya K" sort="Biswal, Ajaya K" uniqKey="Biswal A" first="Ajaya K" last="Biswal">Ajaya K. Biswal</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>7Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>7Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohnen, Debra" sort="Mohnen, Debra" uniqKey="Mohnen D" first="Debra" last="Mohnen">Debra Mohnen</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>7Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>7Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nelson, Richard S" sort="Nelson, Richard S" uniqKey="Nelson R" first="Richard S" last="Nelson">Richard S. Nelson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>5Genomics Division, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Oklahoma</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>5Genomics Division, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baxter, Holly L" sort="Baxter, Holly L" uniqKey="Baxter H" first="Holly L" last="Baxter">Holly L. Baxter</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>8Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>8Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mazarei, Mitra" sort="Mazarei, Mitra" uniqKey="Mazarei M" first="Mitra" last="Mazarei">Mitra Mazarei</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>8Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>8Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stewart, C Neal" sort="Stewart, C Neal" uniqKey="Stewart C" first="C Neal" last="Stewart">C Neal Stewart</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muchero, Wellington" sort="Muchero, Wellington" uniqKey="Muchero W" first="Wellington" last="Muchero">Wellington Muchero</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tuskan, Gerald A" sort="Tuskan, Gerald A" uniqKey="Tuskan G" first="Gerald A" last="Tuskan">Gerald A. Tuskan</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cai, Charles M" sort="Cai, Charles M" uniqKey="Cai C" first="Charles M" last="Cai">Charles M. Cai</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gjersing, Erica E" sort="Gjersing, Erica E" uniqKey="Gjersing E" first="Erica E" last="Gjersing">Erica E. Gjersing</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>9Bioenergy Science and Technology, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Colorado</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>9Bioenergy Science and Technology, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Davis, Mark F" sort="Davis, Mark F" uniqKey="Davis M" first="Mark F" last="Davis">Mark F. Davis</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>9Bioenergy Science and Technology, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Colorado</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>9Bioenergy Science and Technology, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Himmel, Michael E" sort="Himmel, Michael E" uniqKey="Himmel M" first="Michael E" last="Himmel">Michael E. Himmel</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>9Bioenergy Science and Technology, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Colorado</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>9Bioenergy Science and Technology, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wyman, Charles E" sort="Wyman, Charles E" uniqKey="Wyman C" first="Charles E" last="Wyman">Charles E. Wyman</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gilna, Paul" sort="Gilna, Paul" uniqKey="Gilna P" first="Paul" last="Gilna">Paul Gilna</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lynd, Lee R" sort="Lynd, Lee R" uniqKey="Lynd L" first="Lee R" last="Lynd">Lee R. Lynd</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">New Hampshire</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2019">2019</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:30675183</idno><idno type="pmid">30675183</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/s13068-019-1353-7</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC6335785</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000A70</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000A70</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000A70</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000A70</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000A70</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Multiple levers for overcoming the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass.</title><author><name sortKey="Holwerda, Evert K" sort="Holwerda, Evert K" uniqKey="Holwerda E" first="Evert K" last="Holwerda">Evert K. Holwerda</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">New Hampshire</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Worthen, Robert S" sort="Worthen, Robert S" uniqKey="Worthen R" first="Robert S" last="Worthen">Robert S. Worthen</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">New Hampshire</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kothari, Ninad" sort="Kothari, Ninad" uniqKey="Kothari N" first="Ninad" last="Kothari">Ninad Kothari</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lasky, Ronald C" sort="Lasky, Ronald C" uniqKey="Lasky R" first="Ronald C" last="Lasky">Ronald C. Lasky</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">New Hampshire</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Davison, Brian H" sort="Davison, Brian H" uniqKey="Davison B" first="Brian H" last="Davison">Brian H. Davison</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fu, Chunxiang" sort="Fu, Chunxiang" uniqKey="Fu C" first="Chunxiang" last="Fu">Chunxiang Fu</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>5Genomics Division, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Oklahoma</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>5Genomics Division, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Zeng Yu" sort="Wang, Zeng Yu" uniqKey="Wang Z" first="Zeng-Yu" last="Wang">Zeng-Yu Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>5Genomics Division, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Oklahoma</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>5Genomics Division, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dixon, Richard A" sort="Dixon, Richard A" uniqKey="Dixon R" first="Richard A" last="Dixon">Richard A. Dixon</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>6Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Texas</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>6Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Biswal, Ajaya K" sort="Biswal, Ajaya K" uniqKey="Biswal A" first="Ajaya K" last="Biswal">Ajaya K. Biswal</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>7Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>7Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mohnen, Debra" sort="Mohnen, Debra" uniqKey="Mohnen D" first="Debra" last="Mohnen">Debra Mohnen</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>7Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>7Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nelson, Richard S" sort="Nelson, Richard S" uniqKey="Nelson R" first="Richard S" last="Nelson">Richard S. Nelson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>5Genomics Division, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Oklahoma</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>5Genomics Division, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baxter, Holly L" sort="Baxter, Holly L" uniqKey="Baxter H" first="Holly L" last="Baxter">Holly L. Baxter</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>8Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>8Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mazarei, Mitra" sort="Mazarei, Mitra" uniqKey="Mazarei M" first="Mitra" last="Mazarei">Mitra Mazarei</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>8Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>8Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stewart, C Neal" sort="Stewart, C Neal" uniqKey="Stewart C" first="C Neal" last="Stewart">C Neal Stewart</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muchero, Wellington" sort="Muchero, Wellington" uniqKey="Muchero W" first="Wellington" last="Muchero">Wellington Muchero</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tuskan, Gerald A" sort="Tuskan, Gerald A" uniqKey="Tuskan G" first="Gerald A" last="Tuskan">Gerald A. Tuskan</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cai, Charles M" sort="Cai, Charles M" uniqKey="Cai C" first="Charles M" last="Cai">Charles M. Cai</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gjersing, Erica E" sort="Gjersing, Erica E" uniqKey="Gjersing E" first="Erica E" last="Gjersing">Erica E. Gjersing</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>9Bioenergy Science and Technology, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Colorado</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>9Bioenergy Science and Technology, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Davis, Mark F" sort="Davis, Mark F" uniqKey="Davis M" first="Mark F" last="Davis">Mark F. Davis</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>9Bioenergy Science and Technology, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Colorado</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>9Bioenergy Science and Technology, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Himmel, Michael E" sort="Himmel, Michael E" uniqKey="Himmel M" first="Michael E" last="Himmel">Michael E. Himmel</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>9Bioenergy Science and Technology, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Colorado</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>9Bioenergy Science and Technology, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wyman, Charles E" sort="Wyman, Charles E" uniqKey="Wyman C" first="Charles E" last="Wyman">Charles E. Wyman</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gilna, Paul" sort="Gilna, Paul" uniqKey="Gilna P" first="Paul" last="Gilna">Paul Gilna</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lynd, Lee R" sort="Lynd, Lee R" uniqKey="Lynd L" first="Lee R" last="Lynd">Lee R. Lynd</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">New Hampshire</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Biotechnology for biofuels</title><idno type="ISSN">1754-6834</idno><imprint><date when="2019" type="published">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Background</b></p><p>The recalcitrance of cellulosic biomass is widely recognized as a key barrier to cost-effective biological processing to fuels and chemicals, but the relative impacts of physical, chemical and genetic interventions to improve biomass processing singly and in combination have yet to be evaluated systematically. Solubilization of plant cell walls can be enhanced by non-biological augmentation including physical cotreatment and thermochemical pretreatment, the choice of biocatalyst, the choice of plant feedstock, genetic engineering of plants, and choosing feedstocks that are less recalcitrant natural variants. A two-tiered combinatoric investigation of lignocellulosic biomass deconstruction was undertaken with three biocatalysts (</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Results</b></p><p>In the absence of augmentation and under the conditions tested, increased total carbohydrate solubilization (TCS) was observed for 8 of the 9 combinations of switchgrass modifications and biocatalysts tested, and statistically significant for five of the combinations. Our results indicate that recalcitrance is not a trait determined by the feedstock only, but instead is coequally determined by the choice of biocatalyst. TCS with </p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Conclusion</b></p><p>Based on our results as well as literature studies, it appears that some form of non-biological augmentation will likely be necessary for the foreseeable future to achieve high TCS for most cellulosic feedstocks. However, our results show that this need not necessarily involve thermochemical processing, and need not necessarily occur prior to biological conversion. Under the conditions tested, the relative magnitude of TCS increase was augmentation > biocatalyst choice > plant choice > plant modification > plant natural variants. In the presence of augmentation, plant modification, plant natural variation, and plant choice exhibited a small, statistically non-significant impact on TCS.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">30675183</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>28</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">1754-6834</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>12</Volume><PubDate><Year>2019</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Biotechnology for biofuels</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Biotechnol Biofuels</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Multiple levers for overcoming the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>15</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1186/s13068-019-1353-7</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="Background">The recalcitrance of cellulosic biomass is widely recognized as a key barrier to cost-effective biological processing to fuels and chemicals, but the relative impacts of physical, chemical and genetic interventions to improve biomass processing singly and in combination have yet to be evaluated systematically. Solubilization of plant cell walls can be enhanced by non-biological augmentation including physical cotreatment and thermochemical pretreatment, the choice of biocatalyst, the choice of plant feedstock, genetic engineering of plants, and choosing feedstocks that are less recalcitrant natural variants. A two-tiered combinatoric investigation of lignocellulosic biomass deconstruction was undertaken with three biocatalysts (<i>Clostridium thermocellum</i>, <i>Caldicellulosiruptor bescii,</i> Novozymes Cellic<sup>®</sup> Ctec2 and Htec2), three transgenic switchgrass plant lines (COMT, MYB4, GAUT4) and their respective nontransgenic controls, two <i>Populus</i> natural variants, and augmentation of biological attack using either mechanical cotreatment or cosolvent-enhanced lignocellulosic fractionation (CELF) pretreatment.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="Results">In the absence of augmentation and under the conditions tested, increased total carbohydrate solubilization (TCS) was observed for 8 of the 9 combinations of switchgrass modifications and biocatalysts tested, and statistically significant for five of the combinations. Our results indicate that recalcitrance is not a trait determined by the feedstock only, but instead is coequally determined by the choice of biocatalyst. TCS with <i>C. thermocellum</i> was significantly higher than with the other two biocatalysts. Both CELF pretreatment and cotreatment via continuous ball milling enabled TCS in excess of 90%.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="Conclusion">Based on our results as well as literature studies, it appears that some form of non-biological augmentation will likely be necessary for the foreseeable future to achieve high TCS for most cellulosic feedstocks. However, our results show that this need not necessarily involve thermochemical processing, and need not necessarily occur prior to biological conversion. Under the conditions tested, the relative magnitude of TCS increase was augmentation > biocatalyst choice > plant choice > plant modification > plant natural variants. In the presence of augmentation, plant modification, plant natural variation, and plant choice exhibited a small, statistically non-significant impact on TCS.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Holwerda</LastName><ForeName>Evert K</ForeName><Initials>EK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Worthen</LastName><ForeName>Robert S</ForeName><Initials>RS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kothari</LastName><ForeName>Ninad</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lasky</LastName><ForeName>Ronald C</ForeName><Initials>RC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Davison</LastName><ForeName>Brian H</ForeName><Initials>BH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fu</LastName><ForeName>Chunxiang</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>5Genomics Division, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Zeng-Yu</ForeName><Initials>ZY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>5Genomics Division, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dixon</LastName><ForeName>Richard A</ForeName><Initials>RA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>6Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Biswal</LastName><ForeName>Ajaya K</ForeName><Initials>AK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>7Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mohnen</LastName><ForeName>Debra</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>7Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nelson</LastName><ForeName>Richard S</ForeName><Initials>RS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>5Genomics Division, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Baxter</LastName><ForeName>Holly L</ForeName><Initials>HL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>8Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mazarei</LastName><ForeName>Mitra</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>8Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Stewart</LastName><ForeName>C Neal</ForeName><Initials>CN</Initials><Suffix>Jr</Suffix></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Muchero</LastName><ForeName>Wellington</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tuskan</LastName><ForeName>Gerald A</ForeName><Initials>GA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cai</LastName><ForeName>Charles M</ForeName><Initials>CM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gjersing</LastName><ForeName>Erica E</ForeName><Initials>EE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>9Bioenergy Science and Technology, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Davis</LastName><ForeName>Mark F</ForeName><Initials>MF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>9Bioenergy Science and Technology, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Himmel</LastName><ForeName>Michael E</ForeName><Initials>ME</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>9Bioenergy Science and Technology, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wyman</LastName><ForeName>Charles E</ForeName><Initials>CE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gilna</LastName><ForeName>Paul</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>4Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lynd</LastName><ForeName>Lee R</ForeName><Initials>LR</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering drive, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2BioEnergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2019</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>17</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Biotechnol Biofuels</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101316935</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1754-6834</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="ErratumIn"><RefSource>Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Feb 9;12:25</RefSource><PMID Version="1">30774713</PMID><Note>Stewart CN Jr [added]</Note></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Biomass deconstruction</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">CELF</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Caldicellulosiruptor bescii</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Clostridium thermocellum</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Cotreatment</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Fungal cellulase</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Populus natural variants</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Recalcitrance</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Transgenic switchgrass</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2018</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>05</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2019</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>04</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2019</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2019</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2019</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">30675183</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1186/s13068-019-1353-7</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">1353</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC6335785</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Chem Rev. 2015 Feb 11;115(3):1308-448</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25629559</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Mar 1;108(9):3803-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21321194</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Nat Rev Microbiol. 2017 Feb;15(2):83-95</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27941816</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Science. 2007 Jun 15;316(5831):1570-1</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17569847</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>New Phytol. 2012 Apr;194(1):91-101</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22239166</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2002 Sep;66(3):506-77, table of contents</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12209002</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Nat Commun. 2016 Jun 28;7:11989</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27349324</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Biotechnol Biofuels. 2015 Mar 12;8:41</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25802552</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Biotechnol Biofuels. 2015 Feb 12;8:18</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25709714</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Plant Biotechnol J. 2014 Sep;12(7):914-24</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24751162</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Dec 13;108(50):20225-30</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22135470</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Plant Biotechnol J. 2017 Jun;15(6):688-697</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27862852</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Science. 2014 Apr 4;344(6179):90-3</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24700858</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Biotechnol Bioeng. 1984 Dec;26(12):1498-505</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18551682</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Bioresour Technol. 2011 Dec;102(24):11063-71</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21524908</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2017 Jun;44:151-160</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28390861</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jan 14;111(2):845-50</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24379366</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Oct 31;103(44):16165-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17060624</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Biotechnol Biofuels. 2016 Jan 12;9:8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26759604</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Bioresour Technol. 2009 Nov;100(21):5170-5</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19545999</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Biotechnol Biofuels. 2016 May 20;9:106</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27213013</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2012 Jun;39(6):943-7</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22350066</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Nat Genet. 2014 Oct;46(10):1089-96</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25151358</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Biotechnol Bioeng. 2013 Sep;110(9):2380-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23568345</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Biotechnol Biofuels. 2013 May 07;6(1):71</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23651942</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jan 28;111(4):1652-7</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24474791</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Sci Adv. 2016 Feb 05;2(2):e1501254</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26989779</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2017 Jun;45:202-211</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28528086</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Science. 2013 Dec 20;342(6165):1513-6</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24357319</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Biotechnol Biofuels. 2015 Feb 27;8:35</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25798193</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2001 Sep;56(5-6):634-49</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">11601609</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Plant Cell. 2013 Nov;25(11):4342-61</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24285795</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>BMC Genomics. 2015 Jan 23;16:24</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25613058</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>New Phytol. 2012 Jan;193(1):121-36</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21988539</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>ChemSusChem. 2015 May 22;8(10):1716-25</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25677100</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Science. 2007 Feb 9;315(5813):804-7</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17289988</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Californie</li><li>Colorado</li><li>Géorgie (États-Unis)</li><li>New Hampshire</li><li>Oklahoma</li><li>Tennessee</li><li>Texas</li></region></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Stewart, C Neal" sort="Stewart, C Neal" uniqKey="Stewart C" first="C Neal" last="Stewart">C Neal Stewart</name></noCountry><country name="États-Unis"><region name="New Hampshire"><name sortKey="Holwerda, Evert K" sort="Holwerda, Evert K" uniqKey="Holwerda E" first="Evert K" last="Holwerda">Evert K. Holwerda</name></region><name sortKey="Baxter, Holly L" sort="Baxter, Holly L" uniqKey="Baxter H" first="Holly L" last="Baxter">Holly L. Baxter</name><name sortKey="Baxter, Holly L" sort="Baxter, Holly L" uniqKey="Baxter H" first="Holly L" last="Baxter">Holly L. Baxter</name><name sortKey="Biswal, Ajaya K" sort="Biswal, Ajaya K" uniqKey="Biswal A" first="Ajaya K" last="Biswal">Ajaya K. Biswal</name><name sortKey="Biswal, Ajaya K" sort="Biswal, Ajaya K" uniqKey="Biswal A" first="Ajaya K" last="Biswal">Ajaya K. Biswal</name><name sortKey="Cai, Charles M" sort="Cai, Charles M" uniqKey="Cai C" first="Charles M" last="Cai">Charles M. Cai</name><name sortKey="Cai, Charles M" sort="Cai, Charles M" uniqKey="Cai C" first="Charles M" last="Cai">Charles M. Cai</name><name sortKey="Davis, Mark F" sort="Davis, Mark F" uniqKey="Davis M" first="Mark F" last="Davis">Mark F. Davis</name><name sortKey="Davis, Mark F" sort="Davis, Mark F" uniqKey="Davis M" first="Mark F" last="Davis">Mark F. Davis</name><name sortKey="Davison, Brian H" sort="Davison, Brian H" uniqKey="Davison B" first="Brian H" last="Davison">Brian H. Davison</name><name sortKey="Davison, Brian H" sort="Davison, Brian H" uniqKey="Davison B" first="Brian H" last="Davison">Brian H. Davison</name><name sortKey="Dixon, Richard A" sort="Dixon, Richard A" uniqKey="Dixon R" first="Richard A" last="Dixon">Richard A. Dixon</name><name sortKey="Dixon, Richard A" sort="Dixon, Richard A" uniqKey="Dixon R" first="Richard A" last="Dixon">Richard A. Dixon</name><name sortKey="Fu, Chunxiang" sort="Fu, Chunxiang" uniqKey="Fu C" first="Chunxiang" last="Fu">Chunxiang Fu</name><name sortKey="Fu, Chunxiang" sort="Fu, Chunxiang" uniqKey="Fu C" first="Chunxiang" last="Fu">Chunxiang Fu</name><name sortKey="Gilna, Paul" sort="Gilna, Paul" uniqKey="Gilna P" first="Paul" last="Gilna">Paul Gilna</name><name sortKey="Gilna, Paul" sort="Gilna, Paul" uniqKey="Gilna P" first="Paul" last="Gilna">Paul Gilna</name><name sortKey="Gjersing, Erica E" sort="Gjersing, Erica E" uniqKey="Gjersing E" first="Erica E" last="Gjersing">Erica E. Gjersing</name><name sortKey="Gjersing, Erica E" sort="Gjersing, Erica E" uniqKey="Gjersing E" first="Erica E" last="Gjersing">Erica E. Gjersing</name><name sortKey="Himmel, Michael E" sort="Himmel, Michael E" uniqKey="Himmel M" first="Michael E" last="Himmel">Michael E. Himmel</name><name sortKey="Himmel, Michael E" sort="Himmel, Michael E" uniqKey="Himmel M" first="Michael E" last="Himmel">Michael E. Himmel</name><name sortKey="Holwerda, Evert K" sort="Holwerda, Evert K" uniqKey="Holwerda E" first="Evert K" last="Holwerda">Evert K. Holwerda</name><name sortKey="Kothari, Ninad" sort="Kothari, Ninad" uniqKey="Kothari N" first="Ninad" last="Kothari">Ninad Kothari</name><name sortKey="Kothari, Ninad" sort="Kothari, Ninad" uniqKey="Kothari N" first="Ninad" last="Kothari">Ninad Kothari</name><name sortKey="Lasky, Ronald C" sort="Lasky, Ronald C" uniqKey="Lasky R" first="Ronald C" last="Lasky">Ronald C. Lasky</name><name sortKey="Lynd, Lee R" sort="Lynd, Lee R" uniqKey="Lynd L" first="Lee R" last="Lynd">Lee R. Lynd</name><name sortKey="Lynd, Lee R" sort="Lynd, Lee R" uniqKey="Lynd L" first="Lee R" last="Lynd">Lee R. Lynd</name><name sortKey="Mazarei, Mitra" sort="Mazarei, Mitra" uniqKey="Mazarei M" first="Mitra" last="Mazarei">Mitra Mazarei</name><name sortKey="Mazarei, Mitra" sort="Mazarei, Mitra" uniqKey="Mazarei M" first="Mitra" last="Mazarei">Mitra Mazarei</name><name sortKey="Mohnen, Debra" sort="Mohnen, Debra" uniqKey="Mohnen D" first="Debra" last="Mohnen">Debra Mohnen</name><name sortKey="Mohnen, Debra" sort="Mohnen, Debra" uniqKey="Mohnen D" first="Debra" last="Mohnen">Debra Mohnen</name><name sortKey="Muchero, Wellington" sort="Muchero, Wellington" uniqKey="Muchero W" first="Wellington" last="Muchero">Wellington Muchero</name><name sortKey="Muchero, Wellington" sort="Muchero, Wellington" uniqKey="Muchero W" first="Wellington" last="Muchero">Wellington Muchero</name><name sortKey="Nelson, Richard S" sort="Nelson, Richard S" uniqKey="Nelson R" first="Richard S" last="Nelson">Richard S. Nelson</name><name sortKey="Nelson, Richard S" sort="Nelson, Richard S" uniqKey="Nelson R" first="Richard S" last="Nelson">Richard S. Nelson</name><name sortKey="Tuskan, Gerald A" sort="Tuskan, Gerald A" uniqKey="Tuskan G" first="Gerald A" last="Tuskan">Gerald A. Tuskan</name><name sortKey="Tuskan, Gerald A" sort="Tuskan, Gerald A" uniqKey="Tuskan G" first="Gerald A" last="Tuskan">Gerald A. Tuskan</name><name sortKey="Wang, Zeng Yu" sort="Wang, Zeng Yu" uniqKey="Wang Z" first="Zeng-Yu" last="Wang">Zeng-Yu Wang</name><name sortKey="Wang, Zeng Yu" sort="Wang, Zeng Yu" uniqKey="Wang Z" first="Zeng-Yu" last="Wang">Zeng-Yu Wang</name><name sortKey="Worthen, Robert S" sort="Worthen, Robert S" uniqKey="Worthen R" first="Robert S" last="Worthen">Robert S. Worthen</name><name sortKey="Worthen, Robert S" sort="Worthen, Robert S" uniqKey="Worthen R" first="Robert S" last="Worthen">Robert S. Worthen</name><name sortKey="Wyman, Charles E" sort="Wyman, Charles E" uniqKey="Wyman C" first="Charles E" last="Wyman">Charles E. Wyman</name><name sortKey="Wyman, Charles E" sort="Wyman, Charles E" uniqKey="Wyman C" first="Charles E" last="Wyman">Charles E. Wyman</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Bois/explor/PoplarV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000828 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000828 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Bois
|area= PoplarV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= pubmed:30675183
|texte= Multiple levers for overcoming the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass.
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:30675183" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a PoplarV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.37. |  |